Nanocomposite membranes for CO₂ gas separation — AI Presentation by SlideGen

Nanocomposite membranes for CO₂ separation

PU/GO@PMMA design and performance in natural gas sweetening

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Executive summary

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Natural gas requires CO₂ removal (sweetening) for pipeline and LNG use
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Traditional amine absorption is energy-intensive and environmentally harmful
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Nanocomposite membranes offer a scalable, efficient alternative
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PU/GO@PMMA membranes achieve 113.5% higher CO₂/CH₄ selectivity
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Method uses in-situ radical polymerization for uniform GO dispersion

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The challenge

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Traditional vs. membrane separation

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Amine absorption: high energy (regeneration heat)
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Environmental risks: solvent degradation, emissions
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Complex infrastructure and high OPEX

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Membrane separation: low energy, modular
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No chemical solvents or regeneration
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Scalable, compact systems
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Challenges: permeability-selectivity tradeoff (Robeson limit)

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Research objectives

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Design PU-based nanocomposite membranes with GO@PMMA fillers
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Use in-situ radical polymerization for GO surface modification
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Achieve uniform dispersion of GO sheets in PU matrix
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Improve CO₂/CH₄ selectivity without sacrificing mechanical strength
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Validate performance at 4 bar, 25°C with pure CO₂/CH₄ gases

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Synthesis process

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GO surface modified with MPS silane (3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl methacrylate)
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PMMA grafted onto GO via in-situ radical polymerization
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GO@PMMA dispersed in PU matrix at 0.5 wt% loading
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Membranes cast via solvent casting (thickness: ~73 µm)

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Characterization techniques

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Collage of FTIR, TGA, XRD, FESEM, TEM, and DSC equipment or sample images

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Key results: material properties

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FTIR: reduced O-H peak, new Si-O-C and C=O ester peaks confirm grafting
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XRD: peak shift from 11° to 6° indicates GO interlayer expansion
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TGA: weight loss at 330–420°C confirms PMMA grafting stability
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FESEM/TEM: uniform GO sheet dispersion in PU matrix
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EDAX: presence of C, O, N, Si elements verified

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Performance improvements

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Tensile strength: 8.935 → 11.883 MPa (+33%)
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Young’s modulus: 0.274 → 1.022 MPa (~4x increase)
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Elongation at break: minor reduction (14.6%)
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Mechanical integrity maintained with filler addition

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CO₂/CH₄ selectivity: 113.5% improvement over pure PU
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Performance approaches Robeson upper bound
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Tested at 4 bar, 25°C with pure gases
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Potential for natural gas, biogas, and carbon capture

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The triple combination of PU/GO/PMMA with in-situ polymerization and MPS silane modification offers a simple, scalable route to high-performance gas separation membranes.

Rahim Bavi, MSc Thesis (2023)

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Applications and impact

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Natural gas sweetening: replace amine units with membranes
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Biogas upgrading: CO₂ removal for pipeline-quality methane
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Industrial carbon capture: post-combustion CO₂ separation
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Reduced energy use and environmental footprint
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Modular, scalable systems for diverse industries

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Thank you

Questions and discussion

Rahim Bavi, MSc Thesis, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz • Advisor: Dr. Seifollah Jamalpour • Publication: Expected under SCU Press

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