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Paddy husk to silicon in semiconductors

Transforming agricultural waste into high-purity silicon for semiconductor manufacturing

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Paddy husk to silicon in semiconductors
Sustainable silicon from agricultural waste
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Paddy husk to silicon in semiconductors
Sustainable silicon from agricultural waste
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The opportunity
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Why paddy husk
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  • ●
    Rich in silica (15-25% by weight)
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    Abundant and renewable agricultural byproduct
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    Low-cost and widely available in rice-growing regions
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    Reduces landfill waste and CO2 emissions
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Paddy husk under the microscope
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Close-up image of paddy husk showing its fibrous, silica-rich structure
Close-up image of paddy husk showing its fibrous, silica-rich structure
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From husk to silica
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  • ●
    Collect and clean paddy husk
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    Pyrolysis at 500-700°C to remove organics
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    Ash contains 90-95% amorphous silica
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    Purify silica via chemical leaching
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Silica to metallurgical-grade silicon
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    Mix purified silica with carbon
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    Heat to 2000°C in an electric arc furnace
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    Produces 98-99% pure silicon
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    Energy-intensive but scalable
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    Carbon footprint offset by renewable husk source
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    Byproduct: silicon dioxide slag for construction
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Electric arc furnace in action
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Industrial electric arc furnace glowing white-hot during silicon smelting
Industrial electric arc furnace glowing white-hot during silicon smelting
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Purifying for semiconductors
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The Siemens process adapted
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  • ●
    Convert silicon to trichlorosilane (SiHCl3)
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    Distill to remove impurities
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    Chemical vapor deposition (CVD) on thin rods
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    Produces 99.9999999% pure polysilicon
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“
Using paddy husk could reduce silicon production costs by 30% while cutting CO2 emissions by 40%
International Rice Research Institute, 2023
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Semiconductor-grade silicon wafers
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Glossy, mirror-like silicon wafers used in semiconductor fabrication
Glossy, mirror-like silicon wafers used in semiconductor fabrication
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Toward a greener silicon future
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Paddy husk is a viable, sustainable silica source • Existing infrastructure can be adapted • Reduces waste and lowers production costs • Next step: pilot plants in rice-growing regions

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